Amazon::S3 - A portable client library for working with and
managing Amazon S3 buckets and keys.
#!/usr/bin/perl
use warnings;
use strict;
use Amazon::S3;
use vars qw/$OWNER_ID $OWNER_DISPLAYNAME/;
my $aws_access_key_id = "Fill me in!";
my $aws_secret_access_key = "Fill me in too!";
my $s3 = Amazon::S3->new(
{ aws_access_key_id => $aws_access_key_id,
aws_secret_access_key => $aws_secret_access_key,
retry => 1
}
);
my $response = $s3->buckets;
# create a bucket
my $bucket_name = $aws_access_key_id . '-net-amazon-s3-test';
my $bucket = $s3->add_bucket( { bucket => $bucket_name } )
or die $s3->err . ": " . $s3->errstr;
# store a key with a content-type and some optional metadata
my $keyname = 'testing.txt';
my $value = 'T';
$bucket->add_key(
$keyname, $value,
{ content_type => 'text/plain',
'x-amz-meta-colour' => 'orange',
}
);
# list keys in the bucket
$response = $bucket->list
or die $s3->err . ": " . $s3->errstr;
print $response->{bucket}."\n";
for my $key (@{ $response->{keys} }) {
print "\t".$key->{key}."\n";
}
# delete key from bucket
$bucket->delete_key($keyname);
# delete bucket
$bucket->delete_bucket;
=head1 DESCRIPTION
Amazon::S3 provides a portable client interface to Amazon Simple
Storage System (S3).
``Amazon S3 is storage for the Internet. It is designed to
make web-scale computing easier for developers. Amazon S3
provides a simple web services interface that can be used to
store and retrieve any amount of data, at any time, from
anywhere on the web. It gives any developer access to the
same highly scalable, reliable, fast, inexpensive data
storage infrastructure that Amazon uses to run its own
global network of web sites. The service aims to maximize
benefits of scale and to pass those benefits on to
developers''.
To sign up for an Amazon Web Services account, required to
use this library and the S3 service, please visit the Amazon
Web Services web site at http://www.amazonaws.com/.
You will be billed accordingly by Amazon when you use this
module and must be responsible for these costs.
To learn more about Amazon's S3 service, please visit:
http://s3.amazonaws.com/.
This need for this module arose from some work that needed
to work with S3 and would be distributed, installed and used
on many various environments where compiled dependencies may
not be an option. the Net::Amazon::S3 manpage used the XML::LibXML manpage
tying it to that specific and often difficult to install
option. In order to remove this potential barrier to entry,
this module is forked and then modified to use the XML::SAX manpage
via the XML::Simple manpage.
Amazon::S3 is intended to be a drop-in replacement for
the Net:Amazon::S3 manpage that trades some performance in return for
portability.
Create a new S3 client object. Takes some arguments:
- aws_access_key_id
-
Use your Access Key ID as the value of the AWSAccessKeyId parameter
in requests you send to Amazon Web Services (when required). Your
Access Key ID identifies you as the party responsible for the
request.
- aws_secret_access_key
-
Since your Access Key ID is not encrypted in requests to AWS, it
could be discovered and used by anyone. Services that are not free
require you to provide additional information, a request signature,
to verify that a request containing your unique Access Key ID could
only have come from you.
DO NOT INCLUDE THIS IN SCRIPTS OR APPLICATIONS YOU
DISTRIBUTE. YOU'LL BE SORRY.
- secure
-
Set this to
1 if you want to use SSL-encrypted
connections when talking to S3. Defaults to 0.
- timeout
-
Defines the time, in seconds, your script should wait or a
response before bailing. Defaults is 30 seconds.
- retry
-
Enables or disables the library to retry upon errors. This
uses exponential backoff with retries after 1, 2, 4, 8, 16,
32 seconds, as recommended by Amazon. Defaults to off, no
retries.
- host
-
Defines the S3 host endpoint to use. Defaults to
's3.amazonaws.com'.
Returns undef on error, else HASHREF of results:
- owner_id
-
The owner's ID of the buckets owner.
- owner_display_name
-
The name of the owner account.
- buckets
-
Any ARRAYREF of the Amazon::SimpleDB::Bucket manpage objects for the
account.
Takes a HASHREF:
- bucket
-
The name of the bucket you want to add
- acl_short (optional)
-
See the set_acl subroutine for documentation on the acl_short options
Returns 0 on failure or a the Amazon::S3::Bucket manpage object on success
Takes a scalar argument, the name of the bucket you're creating
Returns an (unverified) bucket object from an account. This method does not access the network.
Takes either a the Amazon::S3::Bucket manpage object or a HASHREF containing
- bucketbucket
-
The name of the bucket to remove
Returns false (and fails) if the bucket isn't empty.
Returns true if the bucket is successfully deleted.
List all keys in this bucket.
Takes a HASHREF of arguments:
- bucketbucket
-
REQUIRED. The name of the bucket you want to list keys on.
- prefix
-
Restricts the response to only contain results that begin with the
specified prefix. If you omit this optional argument, the value of
prefix for your query will be the empty string. In other words, the
results will be not be restricted by prefix.
- delimiter
-
If this optional, Unicode string parameter is included with your
request, then keys that contain the same string between the prefix
and the first occurrence of the delimiter will be rolled up into a
single result element in the CommonPrefixes collection. These
rolled-up keys are not returned elsewhere in the response. For
example, with prefix=``USA/'' and delimiter=``/'', the matching keys
``USA/Oregon/Salem'' and ``USA/Oregon/Portland'' would be summarized
in the response as a single ``USA/Oregon'' element in the CommonPrefixes
collection. If an otherwise matching key does not contain the
delimiter after the prefix, it appears in the Contents collection.
Each element in the CommonPrefixes collection counts as one against
the MaxKeys limit. The rolled-up keys represented by each CommonPrefixes
element do not. If the Delimiter parameter is not present in your
request, keys in the result set will not be rolled-up and neither
the CommonPrefixes collection nor the NextMarker element will be
present in the response.
NOTE: CommonPrefixes isn't currently supported by Amazon::S3.
- max-keys
-
This optional argument limits the number of results returned in
response to your query. Amazon S3 will return no more than this
number of results, but possibly less. Even if max-keys is not
specified, Amazon S3 will limit the number of results in the response.
Check the IsTruncated flag to see if your results are incomplete.
If so, use the Marker parameter to request the next page of results.
For the purpose of counting max-keys, a 'result' is either a key
in the 'Contents' collection, or a delimited prefix in the
'CommonPrefixes' collection. So for delimiter requests, max-keys
limits the total number of list results, not just the number of
keys.
- marker
-
This optional parameter enables pagination of large result sets.
marker specifies where in the result set to resume listing. It
restricts the response to only contain results that occur alphabetically
after the value of marker. To retrieve the next page of results,
use the last key from the current page of results as the marker in
your next request.
See also next_marker, below.
If marker is omitted,the first page of results is returned.
Returns undef on error and a HASHREF of data on success:
The HASHREF looks like this:
{
bucket => $bucket_name,
prefix => $bucket_prefix,
marker => $bucket_marker,
next_marker => $bucket_next_available_marker,
max_keys => $bucket_max_keys,
is_truncated => $bucket_is_truncated_boolean
keys => [$key1,$key2,...]
}
Explanation of bits of that:
- is_truncated
-
B flag that indicates whether or not all results of your query were
returned in this response. If your results were truncated, you can
make a follow-up paginated request using the Marker parameter to
retrieve the rest of the results.
- next_marker
-
A convenience element, useful when paginating with delimiters. The
value of
next_marker, if present, is the largest (alphabetically)
of all key names and all CommonPrefixes prefixes in the response.
If the is_truncated flag is set, request the next page of results
by setting marker to the value of next_marker. This element
is only present in the response if the delimiter parameter was
sent with the request.
Each key is a HASHREF that looks like this:
{
key => $key,
last_modified => $last_mod_date,
etag => $etag, # An MD5 sum of the stored content.
size => $size, # Bytes
storage_class => $storage_class # Doc?
owner_id => $owner_id,
owner_displayname => $owner_name
}
List all keys in this bucket without having to worry about
'marker'. This is a convenience method, but may make multiple requests
to S3 under the hood.
Takes the same arguments as list_bucket.
This module contains code modified from Amazon that contains the
following notice:
# This software code is made available "AS IS" without warranties of any
# kind. You may copy, display, modify and redistribute the software
# code either by itself or as incorporated into your code; provided that
# you do not remove any proprietary notices. Your use of this software
# code is at your own risk and you waive any claim against Amazon
# Digital Services, Inc. or its affiliates with respect to your use of
# this software code. (c) 2006 Amazon Digital Services, Inc. or its
# affiliates.
Testing S3 is a tricky thing. Amazon wants to charge you a bit of
money each time you use their service. And yes, testing counts as using.
Because of this, the application's test suite skips anything approaching
a real test unless you set these three environment variables:
- AMAZON_S3_EXPENSIVE_TESTS
-
Doesn't matter what you set it to. Just has to be set
- AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID
-
Your AWS access key
- AWS_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET
-
Your AWS sekkr1t passkey. Be forewarned that setting this environment variable
on a shared system might leak that information to another user. Be careful.
- Continued to improve and refine of documentation.
-
- Reduce dependencies wherever possible.
-
- Implement debugging mode
-
- Refactor and consolidate request code in Amazon::S3
-
- Refactor URI creation code to make use of URI.
-
Bugs should be reported via the CPAN bug tracker at
<http://rt.cpan.org/NoAuth/ReportBug.html?Queue=Amazon-S3>
For other issues, contact the author.
Timothy Appnel <tima@cpan.org>
the Amazon::S3::Bucket manpage, the Net::Amazon::S3 manpage
This module was initially based on the Net::Amazon::S3 manpage 0.41, by
Leon Brocard. Net::Amazon::S3 was based on example code from
Amazon with this notice:
# This software code is made available ``AS IS'' without warranties of any
# kind. You may copy, display, modify and redistribute the software
# code either by itself or as incorporated into your code; provided that
# you do not remove any proprietary notices. Your use of this software
# code is at your own risk and you waive any claim against Amazon
# Digital Services, Inc. or its affiliates with respect to your use of
# this software code. (c) 2006 Amazon Digital Services, Inc. or its
# affiliates.
The software is released under the Artistic License. The
terms of the Artistic License are described at
http://www.perl.com/language/misc/Artistic.html. Except
where otherwise noted, Amazon::S3 is Copyright 2008, Timothy
Appnel, tima@cpan.org. All rights reserved.
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